Progestin-Only Products at a Glance: Progestins Types of progestins available include intramuscular, oral, and cream. They include: Hydroxyprogesterone injected ; marketed under the names Hylutin, Makena and Prodrox.
It is prescribed for abnormal uterine bleeding, amenorrhea and readying the uterus for menstruation. Medroxyprogesterone tablets and injection ; marketed under the names Curretab, Depo-Provera injection and Provera. Tablets are prescribed for abnormal uterine bleeding, amenorrhea, to get the uterus ready for menstruation and as part of menopausal hormone therapy with estrogen.
Injections are prescribed for kidney or uterine cancer. Megestrol liquid and tablets ; marketed as Megace. Liquid is prescribed for appetite or weight loss related to AIDS. Tablets are prescribed for breast or uterine cancer or for appetite or weight loss related to cancer. Norethisterone acetate tablets ; marketed as Nor—Q-D and Aygestin.
It is prescribed for abnormal uterine bleeding, amenorrhea or endometriosis. Progesterone Progesterone products include: Micronized oral progesterone Prometrium. It is prescribed for menopausal symptoms, infertility, abnormal uterine bleeding, endometriosis and amenorrhea absence of a menstrual period.
Progesterone vaginal gel Crinone. It is used to treat infertility and amenorrhea. Prevention Many conditions for which progestin or progestin-estrogen combinations are prescribed cannot be prevented. Facts to Know Progestogen refers to any hormone replacement product that produces similar effects on the uterus as progesterone, the naturally occurring form of the hormone produced in a woman's body.
Progestins are synthetic versions of progesterone. Progesterone helps protect the lining of the uterus, also known as the endometrium. Progestogens are included in combination hormonal therapies with estrogen to prevent endometrial buildup, which can lead to cancer. After menopause, you will not produce any appreciable progesterone. Progesterone is believed to be partly responsible for symptoms of premenstrual syndrome PMS , such as breast tenderness, feeling bloated and mood swings.
In addition to menopausal hormone therapy and birth control, progestogens may be used to treat a variety of conditions, including menstrual irregularities and endometriosis; breast, kidney or uterine cancer; and appetite and weight loss in AIDS patients. Progesterone, the natural hormone, may also be used to prevent pregnancy loss and preterm labor.
Progestin-only contraceptive products may be a good option if you are unable to take a combination product with estrogen or are concerned about estrogen's side effects. Progestin-only mini-pills are highly effective for preventing pregnancy about 97 percent if taken correctly. They must be taken at the same time every day to be effective. Progestogens are sometimes used as a diagnostic aid to determine whether estrogen is being produced.
In a "progestin challenge" test, a woman takes progestin pills for five or more days. When the progestin is stopped, bleeding ensues if sufficient estrogen is present. Hormone-based therapies are not the only option for birth control or for relieving menopausal symptoms. Ask about and discuss all the options with your health care provider.
Questions to Ask Review the following Questions to Ask about progesterone so you're prepared to discuss this important health issue with your health care professional. What conditions can be treated with progesterone or a progestin? Are my symptoms treatable with any type of progesterone? What are the risks and benefits of this hormone therapy? Can you explain the latest research about menopausal hormone therapy?
What are the benefits of using progestogen as part of my birth control? Is natural progesterone an option for me? What are the pros and cons? Progesterone helps prepare your body for conception and pregnancy and regulates the monthly menstrual cycle. Progesterone levels rise in the second half of the menstrual cycle.
One of progesterone's most important functions is its role in thickening the lining of the uterus each month. The enriched endometrial lining is prepared to receive and nourish a fertilized egg. If a pregnancy occurs, progesterone is produced in the placenta and levels remain elevated throughout the pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, estrogen and progesterone levels drop, the lining of the uterus breaks down and menstruation occurs.
What conditions do progestogens treat? Synthetic versions of progesterone, called progestins, are included in oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy along with estrogen. Progestins are also used alone for birth control and for treatment of a variety of conditions, including abnormal uterine bleeding and amenorrhea absence of periods ; endometriosis; breast, kidney or uterine cancer; and appetite and weight loss related to AIDS. Progestins may also be used as an aid in measuring estrogen's effect in the uterus.
Why can't I just take over-the-counter or compounded progesterone? Natural progesterone non-micronized or bio-identical progesterone may be bought over the counter or compounded by a physician, as well as prescribed, but the FDA only maintains strict quality control over the pharmaceutical industry.
If you are interested in a natural or bio-identical progesterone, look for those available pharmaceutically, either in pill form Prometrium or in gel form Crinone. With natural over-the-counter progesterone or compounded formulation, you may not know exactly what you're getting; the dosage and absorption rate on these products usually are not well studied or documented.
Also, over-the-counter products and compounded formulations may not have package inserts listing the risks, benefits and contraindications. Over-the-counter forms of natural progesterone probably are not as effective as progestins or micronized progesterone.
In particular, progesterone creams should not be used as a substitute for progestins in combination with estrogen replacement for treating menopausal symptoms.
There is no evidence that they protect against endometrial cancer like progestins or micronized progesterone. There are other roles for natural progesterone, however. Food and Drug Administration has approved Crinone, a vaginal gel formulation of natural progesterone for treatment of amenorrhea and for infertility procedures, and Mirena, an intrauterine device that delivers progesterone directly to the uterus is an effective form of birth control and is sometimes used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding.
What side effects might I expect when taking progestin? Potential side effects often mimic those of premenstrual syndrome, including breakthrough bleeding, menstrual cramps, bloating, dizziness, moodiness and fatigue. Potential adverse effects of long-term use of progestin with estrogen include invasive breast cancer, heart disease-related events, dementia including Alzheimer's disease , stroke and blood clots.
Many fade with continued use, or a different product may help. Why do birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy contain progestogens? Estrogen promotes buildup of the endometrium the uterine lining , which can lead to cancer. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent.
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It is a natural anti-depressant. Scientists are currently looking at progesterone replacement to aid in the prevention of memory loss.
In these events, the lack of oxygen to the brain has negative effects on memory and cognitive function. Furthermore, progesterone is required for healthy bone development and preservation, and plays a significant role in the prevention of osteoporosis.
Healthy sleep patterns also depend on progesterone levels to a major degree with its effects on neurotransmitters of several types. It also plays a direct role in maintaining good bladder function, acting as a natural diuretic to regulate fluid balance. Progesterone provides healthiness to hair, skin, and nails, and helps prevent hair loss.
It protects against endometrial cancer, prostate cancer, and fibrocystic breast disease. Blood sugar and insulin levels are better regulated in both men and women when progesterone is optimal.
The thyroid function is directly affected by progesterone levels, so it naturally follows that temperature regulation is supported by this hormone. Although this surgery clearly makes the effect of progesterone on the now missing uterus lining irrelevant, it fails to take into consideration all the other functions of progesterone in the body. During a hysterectomy, the receptors for progesterone on every cell of the body are not removed! They are still there and need progesterone to create the physiologic balance they influence.
In short, progesterone affects nearly every part of our body. It can be taken as capsules orally without negative effects by most people, under the tongue in the form of rapid dissolve tablets, or as suppositories or creams in the vagina. The different forms include the following:. This is a decision that you and your health care provider can make together. Progesterone is an important part of infertility treatment because it supports implantation and pregnancy.
Health care providers often have a preference for which form of progesterone they prescribe for infertility treatment. Their preference is generally based on their experience with the various methods. But patient convenience and request are also important considerations. Most women prefer a progesterone formulation that is easy, convenient, and comfortable. So, be sure to discuss your options with your health care provider. Esperamos que estos recursos ayuden a las personas y parejas de la comunidad latina con infertilidad.
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