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Become a Supporter. Most popular on newsroom ReadingRoom. A written, codified law would provide a check on the excesses of executive power. The arbitrary whims of corrupt rulers would give way to something resembling the rule of law. As Noah Feldman argues in The Fall and Rise of the Islamic State , historically it was a self-regulating clerical class that, as keepers of God-given law, ensured that the caliph was bound by something beyond himself.
Instead, they hoped to introduce consultative mechanisms and institutions to balance the burgeoning power of the executive. The other contribution of Islamic modernism was to recognize the state, and state power, as a political fact. Since the state had more responsibilities—providing education and healthcare, regulating mass media, and concerning itself with family planning—it needed to have more discretion in public policymaking.
Islamic modernists and mainstream Islamists alike made an effective distinction between matters of faith and creed, which were unchangeable, and matters of policy, which were not. If something was in the public interest, or maslaha , then it could probably be justified. If prohibitions on usury stood in the way of, say, an IMF loan, then there would have to be a way around it.
Islamists needed to build in this flexibility. Indeed, ultraconservative Salafis , themselves a rather diverse bunch, regularly castigate the Muslim Brotherhood and its fellow travelers for putting the demands of politics over the requirements of faith. The Brotherhood, in this respect, is a heterodox and reformist intellectual and political movement.
Of course, it is also inherently illiberal. What would become Protestantism was inextricably linked to the advent of mass literacy, as a growing number of believers were no longer dependent on the intercession of clerics.
With the New Testament translated for the first time into German and other European languages, the faithful could directly access the text on their own. The Muslim world, by comparison, has already experienced a weakening of the clerics, who, in being co-opted by newly independent states, fell into disrepute.
In Europe, the decline of the clerical class and mass literacy laid the groundwork for secularization. The Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood disproportionately drew its leadership from the professional sectors of medicine, engineering, and law.
Niqab — The niqab is a veil that covers the face but has an opening for the eyes. Abaya — Niqab is usually accompanied by the abaya, a long, loose black robe. Chador — The chador is another kind of loose, full-length robe or cloak. It covers the head but not the face. Burqa — The burqa covers a woman from head to toe in a loose veil. It covers the face completely and has a mesh section over the eyes that allows the wearer to see. It is widely worn in Afghanistan. Story highlights Theresa Corbin converted to Islam at age 21 She found the religion appealed to her intellect and feminist ideals "Muslims come in all shapes, sizes, attitudes, ethnicities, cultures and nationalities," she writes Have a personal essay of your own to share?
Submit at CNN iReport. I was 21 and living in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. It was a bad time to be a Muslim. But after four years of studying, poking and prodding at world religions and their adherents, I decided to take the plunge.
Questions and answer s. I am the product of a Creole Catholic and an Irish atheist. I grew up Catholic, then was agnostic, now I'm Muslim. Theresa Corbin. My journey to Islam began when I was about 15 years old in mass, and had questions about my faith.
The answers from teachers and clergymen -- don't worry your pretty little head about it -- didn't satisfy me. Read More. So I did what any red-blooded American would do: the opposite. I worried about it.
For many years. I questioned the nature of religion, man, and the universe. After questioning everything I was taught to be true and digging through rhetoric, history and dogma, I found out about this strange thing called Islam. Select a Fund. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish.
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